🧪 Benzalkonium Chloride Overview
- Chemical type: Quaternary ammonium compound (QAC)
- Formula: C₆H₅CH₂N(CH₃)₂R⁺ Cl⁻ (where R is an alkyl chain, usually C12–C18)
- Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid or powder (depending on concentration and form)
- Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohol
🌍 Uses of Benzalkonium Chloride:
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Antiseptic & Disinfectant:
- Kills bacteria, fungi, and viruses
- Used in hand sanitizers, wound cleansers, and antiseptic wipes
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Pharmaceuticals & Eye Drops:
- Preservative in nasal sprays, eye drops, and ointments
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Surface and Industrial Disinfection:
- Common in hospital-grade cleaners, food-processing sanitizers, and household products
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Water Treatment:
- Controls algae and microbial growth in cooling towers and pools
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Personal Care Products:
- Found in shampoos, conditioners, deodorants (as preservative or active biocide)
⚠️ Safety and Handling
- Irritating to skin and eyes in concentrated form
- Toxic to aquatic organisms — avoid direct release into the environment
- Use gloves and protective equipment when handling concentrated solutions