Chlorine (Cl₂) — Overview

• Element: Halogen, atomic number 17
• Appearance: Greenish-yellow gas at room temperature
• Odor: Strong, pungent smell
• Reactivity: Highly reactive and a strong oxidizer
• Uses:
  • Water disinfection (drinking water, swimming pools)
  • Bleaching agent (paper, textiles)
  • Production of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) plastics
  • Manufacturing of solvents, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals

Properties

• Molecular formula: Cl₂
• Boiling point: -34.04 °C
• Melting point: -101.5 °C
• Toxicity: Harmful if inhaled, corrosive to skin and eyes

Safety

• Handle with care in well-ventilated areas
• Avoid inhalation, skin, and eye contact
• Exposure can cause respiratory issues and irritation

Environmental impact

• Can form toxic compounds like dioxins if improperly released
• Widely used for disinfecting drinking water to control microbial contamination